Sanskrit Subhashit has Hindi meanings.
The word Subhashit is made up of a combination of “su” and “bhashit” which means “spoken in beautiful language”. The Sanskrit subhashitas are a storehouse of long-term experiences of life.
अयं निजः परो वेति गणना लघुचेतसाम्।
उदारचरितानां तु वसुधैवकुटम्बकम्॥११॥
Thoughts like “this is mine”, “he is his” are thought by only narrow-minded people. Vasudha is a family in the view of broad-minded people.
क्षणशः कणशश्चैव विद्यां अर्थं च साधयेत्।
क्षणे नष्टे कुतो विद्या कणे नष्टे कुतो धनम्॥१२॥
Every moment must be used to learn and every little coin to preserve it, learning cannot be gained by wasting a moment and money cannot be obtained by destroying coins.
अश्वस्य भूषणं वेगो मत्तं स्याद गजभूषणम्।
चातुर्यं भूषणं नार्या उद्योगो नरभूषणम्॥१३॥
Speed is the ornament of the horse, gait is the ornament of the elephant, tact is the ornament of the woman and being engaged in work is the ornament of the man.
क्षुध् र्तृट् आशाः कुटुम्बन्य मयि जीवति न अन्यगाः।
तासां आशा महासाध्वी कदाचित् मां न मुञ्चति॥१४॥
Hunger, Thirst, and Hope are the wives of man who support man throughout his life. Among these three, hope is the most powerful because it does not leave man’s side even for a moment, whereas hunger and thirst leave man’s side for some time.
कुलस्यार्थे त्यजेदेकम् ग्राम्स्यार्थे कुलंज्येत्।
ग्रामं जनपदस्यार्थे आत्मार्थे पृथिवीं त्यजेत्॥१५॥
One should give up self-interest for the sake of the family, one should leave the family for the sake of the village, the village should be sacrificed for the country and all things should be sacrificed for the soul.
नाक्षरं मंत्रहीतं नमूलंनौधिम्।
अयोग्य पुरुषं नास्ति योजकस्तत्रदुर्लभः॥१६॥
There is no letter which cannot be used for mantra, there is no such plant which cannot be used for medicine and there is no such person which can be used for good use, but such person Very few people know how to use them.
धारणाद्धर्ममित्याहुः धर्मो धारयत प्रजाः।
यस्याद्धारणसंयुक्तं स धर्म इति निश्चयः॥१७॥
The word “Dharma” is derived from the word “Dharana” (meaning that which can be held is Dharma), it is Dharma that has upheld the society. Therefore, if anything has the capacity to hold, then it is undoubtedly Dharma.
आहारनिद्राभयमैथुनं च सामान्यमेतत् पशुभिर्नराणाम्।
धर्मो हि तेषां अधिकोविशेषो धर्मेण हीनाः पशुभिः समानाः॥१८॥
Food, sleep, fear and sex are the natural needs of both man and animal (i.e. if only these four are kept in mind then man and animal are equal), only religion makes man superior to animal. Therefore a man inferior to religion is like an animal.
सत्यस्य वचनं श्रेयः सत्यादपि हितं वदेत्।
यद्भूतहितमत्यन्तं एतत् सत्यं मतं मम्॥१९॥
Although it is preferable to speak the truth, yet only that truth should be spoken which will benefit all. According to my (ie Narada’s) opinion, whatever does good for all is the truth.
सत्यं ब्रूयात् प्रियं ब्रूयात ब्रूयान्नब्रूयात् सत्यंप्रियम्।
प्रियं च नानृतम् ब्रुयादेषः धर्मः सनातनः॥२०॥
Tell the truth but tell only the truth which is dear to all, do not say that truth which is harmful to all, (similarly) do not tell even that lie which is dear to all, this is Sanatan Dharma.
अपि स्वर्णमयी लंका न मे लक्ष्मण रोचते।
जननी जन्मभूमिश्च स्वर्गादपि गरीयसी॥२१॥
(वाल्मीकि रामायण)
O Lakshmana! I don’t even like gold Lanka. I love mother and motherland more than heaven.
मरणानतानि वैराणि निवृत्तं नः प्रयोजनम्।
क्रियतामस्य संसकारो ममापेष्य यथा तव॥२२॥
(वाल्मीकि रामायण)
After someone dies, hatred for him ends, I have nothing to do with this (Ravana) anymore. Therefore, you should now perform his last rites.
काव्यशास्त्रविनोदेन कालो गच्छति धीमताम।
व्यसनेन च मूर्खाणां निद्रया कलहेन वा॥२३॥
A wise man spends his time enjoying himself by reading poetry, scriptures, etc., and a fool spends time sleeping or quarreling.
तैलाद् रक्षेत् जलाद् रक्षेत् रक्षेत् शिथिल बंधनात्।
मूर्ख हस्ते न दातव्यं एवं वदति पुस्तकम्॥२४॥
A book says protect me from oil (oil leaves a stain in the book), protect me from water (water destroys the book), protect me from loose bondage (if not tied properly) Pages fall apart) and never hand me over to a fool.
श्रोतं श्रुतनैव न तु कुण्डलेन दानेन पार्णिन तु कंकणेन।
विभाति कायः करुणापराणाम् परोपकारैर्न तु चंदनेन॥२५॥
The beauty of the ear is not from the coil but from hearing the knowledgeable words, the beauty of the hand is not from the kankan but from giving to charity and the body is not divine by the paste of sandalwood but by doing charity.
भाषासु मुख्या मधुरा दिव्या गीर्वाणभारती।
तस्यां हि काव्यं मधुरं तस्मादपि सुभाषितम्॥२६॥
The most melodious of languages is Girvanbharti i.e. Devbhasha (Sanskrit), the sweetest poetry in Sanskrit literature and the most melodious of poems, Subhashita.।
उदारस्य तृणं वित्तं शूरस्त मरणं तृणम्।
विरक्तस्य तृणं भार्या निस्पृहस्य तृणं जगत्॥२७॥
Wealth is like grass to a generous man, death to a brave man is like a straw, to a virtuous man, India is like a straw, and to a nispruha (devoid of desires) man this world is like a straw.
विद्वत्वं च नृपत्वं च नैव तुल्यं कदाचन्।
स्वदेशे पूज्यते राजा विद्वान सर्वत्र पूज्यते॥२८॥
The attainment of kingship and attainment of scholarship cannot be compared in the slightest because the king is worshiped only in his own country whereas the scholar is worshiped everywhere (all over the world).
दुर्जनेन समं सख्यं प्रीतिं चापि न कारयेत्।
उष्णो दहति चांगारः शीतः कृष्णायते करम्॥२९॥
One should never fall in love with evil people, who are like coal, because coal burns when it is hot and darkens the body even when it is cold.
चिन्तनीया हि विपदां आदावेव प्रतिक्रिया।
न कूपखननं युक्तं प्रदीप्त वान्हिना गृहे॥३०॥
Just as starting to dig a well in case of fire in the house is not a tactic (right) act, in the same way it is also not a proper act to be worried when disaster strikes. (One should always be ready to deal with any kind of adversity.)
उद्यमेन हि सिध्यन्ति कार्यणि न मनोरथैः।
न हि सुप्तस्य सिंहस्य प्रविशन्ति मुखे मगाः॥३१॥
Just as the deer itself does not go into the mouth of a sleeping lion, the lion has to hunt for hunger and peace, in the same way that work does not get accomplished by mere desire for any work, by undertaking work. The same is proved.
स्थानभ्रष्टाः न शोभन्ते दन्ताः केशाः नखा नराः।
इति विज्ञाय मतिमान् स्वस्थानं न परित्यजेत्॥३२॥
If a person’s teeth, hair, nails etc. leave their place and move to another place, then they will never be adorned (that is, the deformity of the human body will start appearing). Similarly, according to the opinion of the scholar, a person should not give up his position (his virtue, good work, etc.).
अलसस्य कुतो विद्या अविद्यस्य कुतो धनम्।
अधनस्य कुतो मित्रं अमित्रस्य कुतो सुखम्॥३३॥
Where is the learning for the lazy? (A lazy person cannot acquire education.) Where is the wealth for the learned? (A person without education cannot earn money.) Where is the friend of the moneyless? (Without money a friend cannot be attained.) Where is the happiness for the friendless? (There can be no happiness without a friend.)
उदये सविता रक्तो रक्तशचास्तमये तथा।
सम्पत्तौ च विपत्तौ च महामेकरूपता॥३४॥
(महाभारत)
Just as the sun is red in both the times when it rises in the morning and sets in the evening (that is, it remains the same in both the periods), so great people are the same in both their good and bad times ( Be patient).
शान्तितुल्यं तपो नास्ति तोषान्न परमं सुखम्।
नास्ति तृष्णापरो व्याधिर्न च धर्मो दयापरः॥३५॥
There is no austerity like peace (here the meaning of austerity should be understood as achievement), there is no happiness like contentment (it is also said that “satisfaction is always happy), there is no disease like desire and there is no religion like mercy.
सर्वोपनिषदो गावः दोग्धाः गोपालनन्दनः।
पार्थो वत्सः सुधीः भोक्ता दुग्धं गीतामृतं महत्॥३६॥
All the Upanishads are cows, Shri Krishna is the caretaker of those cows, Partha (Arjuna) is the calf who drinks their milk and Gitamrit is their milk. (That is, the essence of all the Upanishads is the Gita.)
हंसो शुक्लः बको शुक्लः को भेदो बकहंसयो।
नीरक्षीरविवेके तु हंसो हंसः बको बकः॥३७॥
The swan is also of white color and the heron is also of white colour, then what is the difference between the two? The one who has the wisdom to separate milk and water is a swan and a sane heron is a heron.
काको कृष्णः पिको कृष्णः को भेदो पिककाकयो।
वसन्तकाले संप्राप्ते काको काकः पिको पिकः॥३८॥
The cuckoo is also black in color and the crow is also black in color, then what is the difference between the two? With the arrival of spring, it is known that a cuckoo is a cuckoo and a crow is a crow.
न चौर्यहार्यं न च राजहार्यं न भ्रातृभाज्यं न च भारकारि।
व्यये कृते वर्धत व नित्यं विद्याधनं सर्वधनप्रधानम॥४१॥
Neither a thief can steal it, nor can the king take it, nor can the brother divide it, nor is it a burden on the shoulder; It always increases when it is spent, such education is the main among all the wealth.
हर्तृ र्न गोचरं याति दत्ता भवति विस्तृता।
कल्पान्तेऽपि न या नश्येत् किमन्यद्विद्यया विना॥४२॥
What is not visible to thieves, which expands by giving to someone, which is not destroyed even in the time of the holocaust, what other substance is there other than knowledge?
विद्या नाम नरस्य कीर्तिर्तुला भाग्यक्षये चाश्रयो।
धेनुः कामदुधा रतिश्च विरहे नेत्रं तृतीयं च सा॥४३॥
सत्कारायतनं कुलस्य महिमा रत्नैर्विना भूषणम्।
तस्मादन्यमुपेक्ष्य सर्वविषयं विद्याधिकारं कुरु॥४४॥
Knowledge is the incomparable fame of man, it gives shelter when fate is destroyed, Vidya is Kamadhenu, is equal in separation, Vidya is the third eye, it is the temple of hospitality, it is the glory of the family, it is the ornament without gems; For this reason, leaving all other subjects, become an officer of knowledge!
विद्यां ददाति विनयं विनयाद् याति पात्रताम्।
पात्रत्वात् धनमाप्नोति धनात् धर्मं ततः सुखम्॥४५॥
Vidya gives modesty; From modesty one attains eligibility, by eligibility one attains wealth, by wealth one attains dharma, and by righteousness one attains happiness.
विद्याविनयोपेतो हरति न चेतांसि कस्य मनुजस्य।
कांचनमणिसंयोगो नो जनयति कस्य लोचनानन्दम्॥४६॥
Which man’s mind is not conquered by learned and humble men? The combination of gold and gem does not please whose eyes? (That is, the combination of Vidya and Vinaya is like the combination of gold and gems.)
विद्या रूपं कुरूपाणां क्षमा रूपं तपस्विनाम्।
कोकिलानां स्वरो रूपं स्त्रीणां रूपं पतिव्रतम्॥४७॥
The form of ugly is knowledge, the form of ascetic is forgiveness, the form of nightingale is voice, and the form of woman is purity.
कुत्र विधेयो यत्नः विद्याभ्यासे सदौषधे दाने।
अवधीरणा क्व कार्या खलपरयोषित्परधनेषु॥४८॥
What should you strive for? For learning, virtue and charity. Whom to disrespect? Of the wicked, the alien woman and the rich.
रूपयौवनसंपन्ना विशाल कुलसम्भवाः।
विद्याहीना न शोभन्ते निर्गन्धा इव किंशुकाः॥४९॥
Even a person born in rich, youthful and huge family, when he is illiterate, does not beautify like a safflower flower without fragrance.
माता शत्रुः पिता वैरी येन बालो न पाठितः।
न शोभते सभामध्ये हंसमध्ये बको यथा॥५०॥
A mother and a father who do not teach their child are the enemies of their own child, because like a heron among swans, a man without knowledge does not suit in a gathering of scholars.
दुर्जनः प्रियवादीति नैतद् विश्वासकारणम्।
मधु तिष्ठति जिह्वाग्रे हृदये तु हलाहलम्॥३९॥
Even if a wicked person speaks a sweet (sweet sound) voice, he should not be believed because even if he has honey on his tongue (the sweet voice), his heart is filled with poison.
सर्पदुर्जनयोर्मध्ये वरं सर्पो न दुर्जनः।
सर्पो दशती कालेन दुर्जनस्तु पदे पदे॥४०॥
(Compare the snake and the wicked one) The snake is better than the wicked because the snake bites seldom but the wicked one bites every step of the way (all the time).
वरं एको गुणी पुत्रो न च मूर्खशतान्यपि।
एकश्चंद्रस्तमो हन्ति न च तारागणोऽपि च॥५१॥
It is better to have one virtuous son than to have a hundred foolish sons, only one moon can destroy the darkness, but a group of stars cannot.
विदेशेषु धनं विद्या व्यसनेष धनं मतिः।
परलोके धनं धर्मः शीलं सर्वत्र वै धनम्॥५२॥
To live in a foreign country, knowledge is wealth, for an addicted person, tact is wealth, for one who desires the hereafter, religion is wealth, but modesty (virtue) is wealth everywhere (for all places).
अल्पानामपि वस्तूनां संहति कार्यसाधिका।
तृणैर्गुत्वमापन्नैर्बध्यन्ते मत्तदन्तिनः॥५३॥
In this Subhashita it is given that a big task is accomplished by adjusting small things, like a string made by joining straws binds the elephant.
अतिपरिचयादवज्ञा संततगमनात् अनादरो भवति।
मलये भिल्ला पुरन्ध्री चन्दनतरुकाष्ठमं इन्धनं कुरुते॥५४॥
Over-introduction (too close) disobedience and frequent visits to one’s home become a cause for disrespect, as the scallops of the Malay Mountains burn sandalwood as fuel.
The same thing has been said by the poet Vrind in this way:
अति परिचै ते होत है, अरुचि अनादर भाय।
मलयागिरि की भीलनी चन्दन देति जराय॥
सर्पः क्रूरः खलः क्रूरः सर्पात् क्रूरतरः खलः।
सर्पः शाम्यति मन्त्रैश्च दुर्जनः केन शाम्यति॥५५॥
Snake is also cruel and evil is also cruel but evil is more cruel than snake because snake’s venom can be quenched by mantra but evil’s venom cannot be quenched in any way.
लालयेत् पंच वर्षाणि दश वर्षाणि ताडयेत्।
प्राप्ते षोडशे वर्षे पुत्रे मित्रवदाचरेत्॥५६॥
The son should be pampered till the age of five, he should be chastised (for his own good) till the age of ten, and when he attains the age of sixteen, he should be treated in a friendly manner.
सम्पूर्ण कुंभो न करोति शब्दं अर्धोघटो घोषमुपैति नूनम्।
विद्वान कुलीनो न करोति गर्वं गुणैर्विहीना बहु जल्पयंति॥५७॥
Just as a pot that is half full makes more sound but a pot full of it does not make any sound, in the same way scholars do not take pride in their learning, while uneducated people keep trying to prove themselves as virtuous.
मूर्खा यत्र न पूज्यते धान्यं यत्र सुसंचितम्।
दम्पत्यो कलहो नास्ति तत्र श्रीः स्वयमागता॥५८॥
Where fools are not worshipped (that is, their advice is not obeyed), the grains are stored well and there is no discord between husband and wife, there Lakshmi herself comes.
मृगाः मृगैः संगमुपव्रजन्ति गावश्च गोभिस्तुरंगास्तुरंगैः।
मूर्खाश्च मूर्खैः सुधयः सुधीभिः समानशीलव्यसनेष सख्यम्॥५९॥
The deer follows the deer, the cow follows the cow, the horse follows the horse, the fool follows the fool and the wise follows. Friendship is only among those with similar qualities.
शतेषु जायते शूरः सहस्त्रेषु च पण्डितः।
वक्ता दशसहस्त्रेष दाता भवति वान वा॥६०॥
Out of a hundred people a hero is born, out of a thousand people a pundit is born, out of ten thousand people a speaker is born and a giver is born very rarely.
अन्नदानं परं दानं विद्यादानमतः परम्।
अन्नेन क्षणिका तृप्तिः यावज्जीवं च विद्यया॥६१॥
The donation of food is the ultimate charity and the donation of knowledge is also the ultimate charity, but the one who receives food in charity, gets satisfaction only for a few moments, whereas the one who receives knowledge in charity (earning a livelihood from his education) attains fulfillment throughout his life. Is.
There is a saying in English on this as follows:
“Give a man a fish; you have fed him for today. Teach a man to fish; and you have fed him for a lifetime”
मूर्खस्य पंच चिह्नानि गर्वो दुर्वचनं तथा।
क्रोधस्य दृढ़वादश्च परवाक्येषवनादरः॥६२॥
There are five characteristics of fools – pride (egoism), maladjustment (speak harsh words), anger, sophistication and disrespect for the words of others.
नमन्ति फलिनो वृक्षाः नमन्ति गुणिनो जनाः।
शुष्ककाष्ठश्च मूर्खश्च न नमन्ति कदाचन॥६३॥
The virtuous are always humble, as the branch of a tree laden with fruits bends, but the fool is like dry wood that never bows.
वृश्चिकस्य विषं पृच्छे मक्षिकायाः मुखे विषम्।
तक्षकस्य विषं दन्ते सर्वांगे दुर्जनस्य तत्॥६४॥
The venom of a scorpion is behind (in its sting), the venom of a fly (fly) is in its mouth, the venom of a scorpion (snake) is in its teeth, but all parts of a wicked man are poisonous.
विकृतिं नैव गच्छन्ति संगदोषेण साधवः।
आवेष्टितं महासर्पैश्चनदनं न विषायते॥६५॥
Just as poison is not poisoned by the sandal tree, in the same way there is no distortion in the qualities of the sages even if there is a defect in the association.
घटं भिन्द्यात् पटं छिनद्यात् कुर्याद्रासभरोहण।
येन केन प्रकारेण प्रसिद्धः पुरुषो भवेत्॥६६॥
One must achieve yen-ken-like fame by breaking a pitcher, tearing clothes or riding a donkey, whatever one has to do. (This is the theory of some people.)
तृणानि नोन्मूलयति प्रभन्जनो मृदूनि नीचैः प्रणतानि सर्वतः।
स्वभाव एवोन्नतचेतसामयं महान्महत्स्वेव करोति विक्रम॥६७॥
Just as a strong wind uproots big trees, but does not uproot small grass, similarly the mighty people show valor to their equals and show mercy to the weak.
प्रदोषे दीपकश्चन्द्रः प्रभाते दीपको रविः।
त्रैलोक्ये दीपको धर्मः सुपुत्र कुलदीपकः॥६८॥
The evening lamp is the moon, the morning lamp is the sun, the lamp of the three worlds is religion and the lamp of the clan is the son.
अनारम्भो हि कार्याणां प्रथमं बुद्धिलक्षणम्।
प्रारब्धस्यान्तगमनं द्वितीयं बुद्धिलक्षणम्॥६९॥
There are two characteristics of (lazy people) intelligence – first, not starting the work and secondly, sitting on luck.
परोपदेशवेलायां शिष्टाः सर्वे भवन्ति वै।
विसमरन्तीह शिष्टत्वं स्वकार्ये समुस्थिते॥७०॥
The teachings we give to others when they are in trouble, we forget those teachings when we are in trouble ourselves.
गुणवन्तः क्लिश्यन्ते प्रायेण भवन्ति निर्गुणाः सुखिनः।
बन्धनमायान्ति शुकाः यथेष्टसंचारिणः काकाः॥७१॥
The virtuous have to suffer and the nirguna remains happy just as a parrot is put in a cage because of the quality of its beauty, but the crow moves freely in the sky.
नास्ति विद्यासमं चक्षुः नास्ति सत्यसमं तपः।
नास्ति रागसमं दुःखं नास्ति त्यागसमं सुखम्॥७२॥
There is no eye like knowledge, no penance like truth, no sorrow like passion (lust, desire) and no happiness like renunciation.
त्यजन्ति मित्राणि धनैर्विहीनं पुत्राश्च दाराश्च सुहृज्जनाश्च।
तमर्शवन्तं पुराश्रयन्ति अर्थो हि लोके मनुषस्य बन्धुः॥७३॥
When a man becomes wealthless, his wife, son, friends, close relatives, etc., all leave him and when he becomes rich, they all again come under his shelter. Money is man’s friend in this world.
कुसुमं वर्णसंपन्नं गन्धहीनं न शोभते।
न शोभते क्रियाहीनं मधुरं वचनं तथा॥७४॥
Just as a flower full of beautiful colors does not beautify when it is odourless, similarly a sweet-spoken person does not beautify when he is indolent.
उत्साहो बलवानार्य नास्त्युत्साहात्परं बलम्।
सोत्साहस्य च लोकेषु न किंचिदपि दुर्लभम्॥७५॥
A person who has enthusiasm within is very strong. There is no other force than enthusiasm, enthusiasm is the ultimate force. Nothing is rare in this world for an enthusiastic person.
यस्य नास्ति स्वयं प्रज्ञा शास्त्रं तस्य करोति किम्।
लोचनाभ्यांविहीनस्य दर्पणः किं करिष्यति॥७६॥
Just as a mirror cannot do anything for a blind person, similarly the scriptures cannot do anything for a blind person.
विषादप्यमृतं ग्राह्यं बालादपि सुभाषितम्।
अमित्रादपि सद्वृत्तं अमेध्यादपि कांचनम्॥७७॥
Even if met with poison, nectar should be accepted, even if met with a small child, one should accept Subhashit (good learning), if met with an enemy, one should accept good qualities and if met with dirt, one should accept gold.
मुण्डे मुण्डे मतिर्भिन्ना कुण्डे कुण्डे नवं पयः।
जातौ जातौ नवाचारा नवा वाणी मुखे मुखे॥७८॥
Different brains have different thoughts, different lakes have different types of water, different caste people have different lifestyles (traditions, customs) and Different words come out of different mouths.
नरस्याभरणं रूपं रूपस्याभारणं गुनः।
गुणस्याभरणं ज्ञानं ज्ञानस्याभरणं क्षमा॥७९॥
The ornament (jewel) of man is form, the ornament of form (jewel) is quality, the ornament (jewel) of virtue is knowledge and the ornament (jewel) of knowledge is forgiveness.
अपूर्व कोपि कोशोयं विद्यते तव भारति।
व्ययतो वृद्धमायाति क्षयमायाति संचयात्॥८०॥
O Mother Saraswati! Your kosha (Vidya) is very unique which keeps on increasing when you spend it and starts decreasing when you accumulate it.
The same thing has also been said in this way:
सरस्वती के भण्डार की बड़ी अपूरब बात।
ज्यौं खरचे त्यौं त्यौं बढ़े बिन खरचे घट जात॥
व्यसने मित्रपरीक्षा शूरपरीक्षा रणाङ्गणे भवति।
विनये भृत्यपरीक्षा दानपरीक्षाच दुर्भिक्षे॥८१॥
A friend is tested when bad times come, a knight is tested in the battlefield, a servant is tested with modesty, and charity is tested by famine.
राजा राष्ट्रकृतं पापं राज्ञः पापं पुरोहितः।
भर्ता च स्त्रीकृतं पापं शिष्य पापं गुरस्था॥८२॥
The king’s sin is responsible for the nation’s harm, the priest’s (minister’s) sin is responsible for the king’s sin, the woman’s wrongdoing is the responsibility of her husband and the Guru is responsible for the disciple’s sin.
पुस्तकस्था तु या विद्या परहस्तगतं धनम्।
कार्यकाले समुत्पन्ने न सा विद्या न तद् धनम्॥८३॥
If the knowledge remains in the book (that is, it should not be read) and if one’s own wealth is in someone else’s hands, then that knowledge and wealth cannot be used when needed
अधमाः धनमिच्छन्ति धनं मानं च मध्यमाः।
उत्तमाः मामिच्छन्ति मानो हि महतां धनम्॥८४॥
The person of the lower class desires only money, the person of the middle class desires both wealth and prestige and the person of the upper class only desires for prestige. Respect is more important than money.
अतितृष्णा न कर्तव्या तृष्णां नैव परित्यजेत्।
शनैः शनैश्च भोक्व्यं स्वयं वित्तमुपार्जितम्॥८५॥
It is not right to have too many desires and it is not right to give up desires. One should wish according to his accrued (earned) money, that too not at once but gradually.
It is worth mentioning here that today’s marketism inspires us to do the opposite of the above learning, because of marketism itself, by desiring many and more than the money earned by us, the goods more than our capacity, that too to take luxuries. We have come to consider it appropriate, even if we have to go into debt for it.
वृथा वृष्टिः समुद्रेषु वृथा तृप्तेषु भोजनम्।
वृथा दानं धनाढ्येषु वृथा दीपो दिवाऽपि च॥८६॥
There is no point in raining in the sea, there is no point in feeding a person who is full and satisfied, there is no point in donating to a rich person and there is no point in lighting a lamp in the sunlight.
पबन्ति नद्यः स्वयं एव न अम्भः स्वयं न खादन्ति फलानि वृक्षाः।
न अदन्ति सस्य खलु वारिवाहा परोपकाराय सतां विभतयः॥८७॥
The river does not drink its own water, the tree does not eat its own fruit, and the clouds do not eat the food they produce by raining water. Gentlemen always do charity.
This is what the poet Rahim has said in this way:
तरुवर फल नहिं खात है, सरवर पियहि न पान।
कहि रहीम पर काज हित, संपति सँचहि सुजान॥
महाजनस्य संसर्गः कस्य नोन्नतिकारकः।
पद्मपत्रस्थितं तोयं धत्ते मुक्ताफलश्रियम्॥८८॥
Who does not grow in the company of great people? (That is, progress only comes from the company of great people.) A drop of water on a lotus flower starts to look like a pearl (meaning water becomes a pearl with the company of lotus).
स्वभावो नोपदेशेन शक्यते कर्तुमन्यथा।
सुतप्तमपि पानीयं पुनर्गच्छति शीतताम्॥८९॥
One’s nature cannot be changed by preaching, no matter how much water is heated, after some time it becomes cold again.
दानेन तुल्यो विधिरास्ति नान्यो लोभोच नान्योस्ति रिपुः पृथिव्यां।
विभूषणं शीलसमं च नान्यत् सन्तोषतुल्यं धमस्ति नान्य्॥९०॥
There is no good deed like charity, no enemy on this earth like greed, no jewel like modesty and no wealth like contentment.
परोऽपि हितवान् बन्धुः बन्धुरप्यहितः परः।
अहितो देहजो व्याधिः हितमारण्यमौषधम्॥९१॥ (हितोपदेश)
Vidhis (diseases) do us bad even while living within our body and medicines (herbs) do us good even if they live in plants and plants far away from us (i.e. diseases are our enemies and medicines are friends). In the same way, those with whom we do not have any kind of blood relation i.e., but he does us good, then he is his own and if someone harms us even though he is a relative, then he is a foreigner.
अहो दुर्जनसंसर्गात् मानहानिः पदे पदे।
पावको लौहसंगेन मुद्गरैरभिताड्यते॥९२॥
Living with the wicked brings humiliation at every step. Pavak (fire) when it is accompanied by iron is beaten with a cube.
चिता चिन्तासम ह्युक्ता बिन्दुमात्र विशेषतः।
सजीवं दहते चिन्ता निर्जीवं दहते चिता॥९३॥
There is only one point (anusara) difference between pyre and worry, but both are same, one who burns while alive is worry and one who burns (non-living) after death is pyre.
अङ्गणवेदी वसुधा कुल्या जलधिः स्थली च पातालम्।
वल्मीकश्च सुमेरुः कृतप्रतिज्ञस्य धीरस्य॥९४॥
For a patient person who stands firm on his promise, this Vasudha (earth) is like a garden (whenever you want to roam around and enjoy yourself), the sea is like a canal (whenever you want to swim and cross it), Hades It is like a recreation spot (picnic spot) (when you go for a picnic) and Mount Sumeru is like an ant house (climb to the top whenever you want). (Therefore, a man should be determined and patient-serious.)
येषां न विद्या न तपो न दानं ज्ञानं न शीलं न गुणो न धर्मः।
ते मर्त्यलोके भूविभारभूता मनुष्यरूपेण मृगाश्चरन्ति॥९५॥
A person devoid of knowledge, austerity (the ability to do hard work), charity, modesty, virtue and religion is like a burden on the planet of death (earth), he is an animal in the form of a man.
माता मित्रं पिता चेति स्वभावात् त्रितयं हितम्।
कार्यकारणतश्चान्ये भवन्ति हितबुद्धयः॥९६॥
Mother, father and friend all three naturally think for our benefit, they do not expect anything in return for doing our benefit. Apart from these three, if other people think of our interest, then they also expect something from us in return.
वदनं प्रसादसदनं सदयं हृदयं सुधामुचो वाचः।
करणं परोपकरणं येषां केषां न ते वन्द्याः॥९७॥
For whom would a person who is always happy, cheerful, having compassion in his heart, speaking sweet words like nectar and indulging in charity?
गर्वाय परपीड़ाय दुर्जस्य धनं बलम्।
सज्जनस्य दानाय रक्षणाय च ते सदा॥९८॥
The wealth and power of the wicked (the wicked) is pride and to inflict pain on others, and charity and protection of the (weak) is that of the gentleman.
यथा चित्तं तथा वाचो यथा वाचस्तथा क्रियाः।
चित्ते वाचि क्रियायां च साधुनामेकरूपता॥९९॥
Whatever is in the chitta (mind) should be manifested through speech and act according to what is manifested through speech. Those who have oneness in their mind, speech and actions are the sages.
छायामन्यस्य कुर्वन्ति स्वयं तिष्टन्ति चातपे।
फलान्यपि परार्थाय वृक्षाः सत्पुरुष इव॥१००॥
Trees themselves bear the scorching heat of the sun and provide shade to others and their fruits are also for the use of others, who is a good man like a tree?
